From benchmark to cut or fill
For a level instrument with an upright rod, add the benchmark backsight to the known benchmark elevation to establish HI. Subtract each ground rod reading from HI to obtain existing elevation. The target follows start elevation + station × grade percent ÷ 100. Subtract existing elevation from target to determine fill (positive) or cut (negative).
These height-of-instrument and construction staking conventions are covered in the MnDOT Surveying and Mapping Manual. This tool reduces a single setup; moving the instrument requires a new reference. It does not adjust a level loop or check surveying closure.
Branches keep the design connected
If Main starts at 100 ft and falls 1% over 25 ft, its junction target is 99.75 ft. A Branch joined there starts at 99.75 ft even when it is listed first in the table. At +1% for another 40 ft, its far-end target is 100.15 ft; the geometric fall is back toward its start. Ground measurements stay independent so inconsistent junction observations can be flagged.
Planning scope
Use design grades and a vertical datum appropriate to the actual site. Constant longitudinal grades and straight reference strings do not account for cross slopes, vertical curves, pipe cover, hydraulic capacity, infiltration, soil settlement, property boundaries, or permitted discharge. Surveying accuracy and construction acceptance depend on the project, equipment, and field verification. The profile uses independent axis scales to make elevation changes readable.
Frequently asked questions
Can I enter ground elevations directly?
Yes. Select known ground elevations. The mode switch converts existing measurements with the current benchmark and backsight. You can then enter elevations directly, and leave both reference fields blank if target rod readings are unnecessary.
How do I measure down from a string?
Supply the string’s elevation at run zero and, for a sloping string, at the last entered station. The tool interpolates its elevation and subtracts the design target. Measure vertically, rather than perpendicular to the sloping string. A negative result places the target above the string.
Does “within tolerance” discard a small cut or fill?
No. The exact signed difference and cut/fill amounts remain in the exports. Tolerance only changes the action label. Fractional inches are rounded supplemental measurements.
Is this an earthwork volume or drainage design tool?
It produces elevations and stake offsets along defined runs. It does not compute areas or volumes or determine whether a slope and outlet can carry the intended flow.
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